In the bowl of a stand mixer fitted with a paddle, beat the egg yolks on low speed. With the mixer running on low speed, slowly add the granulated sugar, followed by the cocoa powder and salt, then increase the speed to medium.
Beat the egg-sugar mixture until very thick and pale yellow, about 5 minutes. Scrape down the sides of the bowl and add the cornstarch, then mix on low speed until combined.
In a medium heavy-bottom saucepan over medium-low heat, warm the milk and 1 cup (240g) of the heavy cream until just about to summer. Remove the pan from the heat and pour the mixture into a medium liquid measuring cup with a pourable spout.
With the mixer running on low speed, very slowly add the hot milk mixture, mixing until completely combined. Transfer the mixture back to the saucepan and cook over medium-low heat, stirring constantly with a wooden spoon, until the pastry cream becomes very thick and begins to boil, 5 to 7 minutes.
Switch to a whisk and whisk the mixture until the pastry cream thickens and is glossy and smooth, 3 to 4 minutes. Remove the pan from the heat and strain the pastry cream through a fine-mesh sieve into a medium bowl.
Stir in the butter and vanilla. Cover with plastic wrap, making sure the wrap sits directly on top of the cream (this will help keep it from forming a skin). Place in the refrigerator until well chilled, 2 to 3 hours.
When the chocolate pastry cream has chilled, in the bowl of a stand mixer fitted with a whisk, beat the remaining 1 1/2 cups (360g) of heavy cream on low speed until small bubbles form, about 30 seconds.
Increase the speed to medium and continue beating until the cream is smooth, thick, and nearly doubled in volume, 2 to 3 minutes.
Using a spatula, gently fold the whipped cream into the chocolate pastry cream. It will be a little stiff at first, but the cream will incorporate; just keep mixing until it is completely combined.
Line the bottom of a 9 by 13 in (23 by 33 cm) baking pan with about a third of the graham crackers in a single layer, breaking up the crackers as needed to fill any spaces.**
Top the crackers with half of the chocolate filling. Add another layer of graham crackers over the filling. Cover the top of the filling with the remaining third of the graham crackers. Chill the éclair for at least 6 hours and up to overnight.