In a stand mixer fitted with the whisk attachment, beat together the aquafaba and cream of tartar on medium high speed until foamy, about 1 minute.
Turn the speed to medium and slowly sprinkle in the sugar. Turn the speed to high and whip until the meringue is thick and glossy, about 5 minutes.
Turn the speed to medium and add the vinegar and vanilla, then return the speed to high and beat for another minute. Use immediately.